UN experts have stated that Russian authorities are systematically abusing anti-terrorism and anti-extremism legislation to suppress civil society, human rights activities, and anti-war expression.

On December 17, 2025, a wave of repression against Indigenous peoples’ representatives and human rights defenders took place in Russia. In Moscow, Daria Egereva and Natalia Leongardt were arrested. They are accused under the article on “participation in a terrorist organization” and face up to 20 years in prison. Their pre-trial detention has been extended until June 15, 2026.